An antique candle or candlestick in the church of the deposition of the robe and a wooden painted top board of a bench in the annunciation cathedral in moscow. In the church of the deposition of the robe in the moscow kremlin, in front of the local icons, there are four voschanitsy, or thin painted candles, on copper trays with three leviks. They consist of a wooden pillar 5 quarters high, covered with wax, on which are painted in a mosaic of wax paints herbs and flowers like encaustic, known to the greeks and romans. Three voschanitsy have been preserved in their original form, and the fourth was restored after 1812 according to the pattern of the first. Above them, copper chandeliers have been fixed, which were not there before, for the candles were inserted into the middle of the voschanitsy. Along the outer rim there is an inscription in ligature which shows us the time of the making of these ornamental candles during the patriarchate of joseph, who ruled from 1642 to 1652, and at the same time testifies to the existence at that time of the patriarchal court at this church. We convey the inscriptions from two candles, except for the third, where the words have been mostly erased or broken off, and except for the fourth, on which they have been depicted again in accordance with the first. 1. The candlestick /-- sign was placed by this priest before the image of the most holy theotokos of the deposition of the robe, by order of the great lord, his holiness joseph, patriarch of moscow and all russia, in the church of the deposition of the robe, which is at the patriarchal court. 2. Let /-- zr`ng october on this day by the appearance of the great lord, his holiness, iosif patriarch of moscow and all russia in the church of the deposition of the robe of the most pure theotokos, that at his lord patriarchal palace, before the venerable icon of the most holy theotokos hodegetria this reliquary was placed. Presenting here a monument of church splendor from the 17th century, one cannot fail to note that previously not only in the patriarchal church of the deposition of the robe, but also in cathedrals and churches, in addition to candlesticks and lampadas, there were such candlesticks near the icons, on the bow in the altar iconostasis, and they were called postavnye, stochye, local, and portable candles - oslopnye. Like the greek orthodox, the russians often had votive and inextinguishable candles and lamps, which burned before icons or holy relics day and night; a candle was placed in the middle of them, which was then lit. The grand dukes placed such candles before miraculous icons and reliquaries of god's saints, as well as before the graves of their parents. Sometimes, all of novgorod and pskov, according to a promise, erected an inextinguishable candle in the st. Sophia or trinity cathedral. Thus, in 1509, the grand duke vasily erected inextinguishable candles before the holy trinity in pskov and before st. Sophia, the wisdom of god. 2 in 1569, tsar ivan iv sent a local candle to novgorod to the relics of st. Nikita, bishop of novgorod, which was placed on a white stone chair. Our chronicles often mention the miraculous spontaneous combustion of candles in churches. St. Alexius the metropolitan took with him to the horde to heal taydula a candle from a wax candle that had lit up in the assumption cathedral. Before the graves of their fathers, the great and appanage princes placed unquenchable candles, as they stipulated in their spiritual charters, so that "the memory of the parents would not cease and their candle would not go out. " to extinguish a candle over a grave, according to artsybashev, meant the same as moving bones. But also, after the funeral service, to extinguish and place a candle on the grave of the deceased signified the eternal oblivion of all enmity. The closest example of this is found in new jerusalem, where, when the floor was being redone, on the tomb of nikon the patriarch, wax green candles were found, which tsar feodor alekseevich had made for his funeral service. Placing a candle at the grave of one's parents was considered such an important and sacred matter that the son of daniil galitsky sent saint memnon of peremyshl to the dying volyn prince vladimir to ask him for brest "for a candle for daniil's grave". In addition, during the wedding ceremonies of sovereigns, in addition to the engagement ceremonies, wedding wax-coverings were used, similar to the local rizpolozhensky ones. They had large, wide hoops, chased edges, both gilded. Thus, at the wedding of tsar mikhail fedorovich with evdokia streshneva, the sovereign's candle weighed three poods, and the empress's - two. This was the purpose given to candles in the national church, where they, being a necessary accessory for the divine service, have a spiritual, symbolic significance. Date: 1846—1853.
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