The natural history of plants, their forms, growth, reproduction, and distribution; (1895) (14577753939)

Identifier: cu31924011933227 (find matches) title: the natural history of plants, their forms, growth, reproduction, and distribution, half-volume 3, fig. 221 p. 110; year: 1895 (1890s) authors: kerner von marilaun, anton, 1831-1898 oliver, f. W. (francis wall), 1864-1951 busk, marian (balfour) lady, 1861-1941 macdonald, mary frances (ewart) kerner von marilaun, anton, 1831-1898. Pflanzenleben. English subjects: botany publisher: new york, h. Holt and company contributing library: cornell university library digitizing sponsor: msn view book page: book viewer about this book: catalog entry view all images: all images from book click here to view book online to see this illustration in context in a browseable online version of this book. Text appearing before image pollen from atmospheric deposits. When the needful wind arises it blows the pollen out through the chinks in the bladder and conveys it to the stigmas of other plants of the same species. Plants of the globe-flower (trollius) genus, whose species grow in the arctic regions in damp situations and also further south in mountainous districts of the [page 110] 110 protection of pollen. Old world, are daily exposed to rain or heavy dew. Nevertheless their pollen is never wetted, the anthers being completely shut in by the perianth-leaves, which are spirally inserted on the receptacle and closely furled one upon another. These flowers have a ring of stalked nectaries round the stamens, and insects which visit them for the sake of the honey are obliged to break through the roof formed by the overlapping perianth-leaves in order to reach the inside of the flower. The pliability of these leaves enables bees by their weight to effect an entrance, whilst falling drops of rain cannot penetrate, but roll off the flower. Text appearing after image fig. 221. — protection of pollen from wet. 1 ariopsis peltata. 2 flower of trollius europaeus. 3 the same with some of the floral-leaves removed 4 digitalis lutescens. 5 a single flower of digitalis lutescens in longitudinal section. 6. Aretia glacialis. 7. Songle lower of aretia glacialis in longitudinal section (magnified). Also in corydalis, calceolarias, toad-flax and snap-dragon (corydalis, calceolaria, linaria, antirrhinum) the corolla forms a closed envelope round the anthers; and again in papilionaceous flowers the pollen is, up to the moment of an insect's visit, hidden in the cavity formed by the two petals of the keel. The majority of lipped flowers — butterwort, yellow-rattle, cow-wheat, and eye-bright (pinguicula, rhinanthus, melampyrum, euphrasia, cf. Fig. 220) — as also the violet (viola), monkshood (aconitum), and innumerable other plants whose flowers open laterally, do not regularly inclose the pollen, but protect it against rain or dew by means of an arched portion of the flower which forms a roof over it. In acanthus the flowers are inclined laterally, and though [page 111] protection of pollen. 111 resembling bi-labiate flowers in general appearance. Date: 1895.