"christ pantocrator". Constantinople master (angelus?) of the second quarter of the 15th century. Second quarter of the 15th century. (wood (ark), canvas, tempera, gilding), 125. 5x80 cm previously - the collection of i. S. Ostroukhov in moscow, then the tretyakov gallery. In the pushkin state museum of fine arts since 1933. Ж-2863 restored in 1970, in 1975 in the a. S. Pushkin state museum of fine arts, restorers g. M. Erkhova, v. I. Zinoviev. State of preservation: loss of gesso and paint layer, especially at the joints of the boards, numerous cracks, the board is composed of three parts (cypress), diagonal dowels, applied fields, possibly later. The icon is one of the masterpieces of late constantinople art. It probably comes from the iconostasis of one of the churches in the capital of the byzantine empire. The interpretation of the image and the painting techniques are based on the retrospective stylization of late palaeologan art. The style of painting and the type of christ's face are close to the individual manner of angelus, a constantinople artist who worked in crete from the 1430s. The icon is one of the masterpieces of the late academic art of the constantinople tradition. The artistic language is based on the retrospective stylization of the classicizing late palaeologan style of the capital of the byzantine empire. The gloomy colors with a dark purple chiton and a black-green cloak are restrained and noble. The technique of multi-layered personal writing with dark ochres, smooth flowing surfaces and calligraphy of thin white movements is virtuosic. The writing of the draperies with deep folds and gaps is of remarkable quality, as is the assist. This artistic language belongs to the last flowering of the capital's painting around the middle of the 15th century. It is known that the icon was acquired in constantinople. Given the large size of the board, it can be assumed that the icon comes from the iconostasis of one of the capital's churches. Similar late palaeologian images of christ are also found in cretan icon painting: the early 15th century icon "christ pantocrator" from anatolia near ierapetra on crete. But the artistic language of this monument also shows features of the local tradition. The style as a whole, the miniature and smooth painting techniques, the harmony of the colors and the type of christ's face are extremely close to the work of angelos, a constantinople artist who worked in crete from the 1430s. However, this icon does not have the italian influences inherent in the cretan school and most of angelos' icons created in crete. Moreover, some of the techniques of constantinople art are modified in angelos's works, in particular, the application of lights and the treatment of volumes become freer. The style of the moscow monument is most comparable to the icon of "our lady of kardiotissa" of the mid-15th century from the byzantine museum in athens, and especially to several icons depicting the deesis, the closest of angelos's icons to constantinople art. Apparently, "christ pantocrator" was created in the environment from which angelos came. This icon either belongs to the circle of monuments that served as models for angelos, or it can be attributed to the number of works created by the artist before leaving for crete. But in any case, this icon makes it possible to clearly trace the nature of the development of the constantinople tradition in the master's work in crete. Date: Second quarter of the 15th century.
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