History lesson, by the last caliph abdülmecit efendi. The painting depicts the dethronement of his cousin sultan abdülhamid ii in april 1909 by a delegation made of rear-admiral arif hikmet pasha, emmanuel carasso (emanuel karasu efendi), esad pasha toptani, aram efendi and colonel galip bey (pasiner). The caliph participated in 1914 at the salon exhibition in paris with this painting. Date: before 1914.
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